(6) Atom is no longer Indestructible: By carrying out nuclear reactions atom of an element may be changed into another. (5) Atom is the smallest particle that take part in a chemical reaction. Discovery of subatomic particles electrons, protons, and neutrons discarded the indivisible nature of the atom proposed by John Dalton. (4) The ratio in which the different atoms combine with one another may be fixed and integral but may not be simple :įor example : In sugarcane the ratio in which the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen combine together 12 : 22 : 11 which is not simple. Dalton’s atomic theory successfully explained the Laws of chemical reactions, namely, the Law of conservation of mass, Law of constant properties, Law of multiple proportions, and Law of reciprocal proportions. (3) Atoms of different elements may have same atomic masses: Atoms of the different elements which have the same atomic masses are called isobars.įor Example : Calcium and Argon have atomic masses of 40 with atomic number as 20 and 18. (2) Atoms of the same element may have different atomic masses: Atoms of the same element which possess different atomic masses are called isotopes. (1) Atom is no longer considered to be indivisible: It is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons. (3) It could not explain the nature of binding forces between atoms and molecules which accounts for the existence of three States of matter. (2) It could not explain why atoms of different elements have different masses, size, valencies. (1) It could explain the law of chemical combination by Mass but failed to explain the law of gaseous volume. (8) An atom can neither be created nor destroyed. (7) An atom is the smallest particle that take parts in a chemical reaction. (6) Atoms of two elements may combine in different ratios to form more than one compound. (5) When atoms combine with one another to form molecules, they do so in simple whole number ratios. (4) Atoms of the same or different elements combine together to form molecules. (3) Atoms of different elements have different masses, sizes and also possess different chemical properties. (2) Atoms of the same element are identical in all respect i.e. (1) Matter is made up of extremely small indivisible particles called atoms. John Dalton in 1808 put forward theory known as Dalton’s atomic theory 1.1 Limitations of Dalton’s Atomic Theory.
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